What is SEO? The acronym stands for Search Engine Optimization. But the definition of SEO is a more difficult question.
It’s
 not what it once was, that’s for sure. The problem is, I see references
 to outdated definitions of SEO on a fairly regular basis.
If
 you have arrived here thinking SEO is a sham, snake oil and/or dead 
then a) you are grossly mistaken and b) let me disabuse you of that 
notion.
SEO Definition
Here’s my definition of SEO in 2012.
Search Engine Optimization is a multidisciplinary activity that seeks to generateproductive organic traffic from search engines via technically soundand connected sites by matching query intent with relevance and value.
It’s
 a bit of a mouthful, I know. I’ve emphasized the areas that I feel are 
particularly important and deserve a more in-depth explanation.
Productive Traffic

The goal of SEO is not to increase traffic willy-nilly. You increase traffic by 30% but it makes no difference to the bottom line. Who cares!
Productive can
 mean different things to different companies. Productive may mean leads
 or subscribers or revenue or page views. Whatever it is, it’s important
 to define and track productive traffic rather than simply focusing on 
increasing traffic overall.
I might be able to generate more traffic by adding ‘Nude’ and ‘Free’ as keyword modifiers but is that really going to bring productive traffic to a site?
This
 goes (way) beyond brand versus non-brand traffic, which I find to be 
the most rudimentary of divisions. This is having a fundamental 
understanding of the traffic that makes a difference to that business.
That may mean moving away from high volume terms and generating less traffic
 overall. Don’t get saucer eyes when it comes to keyword volume. It’s 
about the right keywords, not the biggest keywords. (That’s what she 
said!)
Yet, even if you’re driving the right traffic there are other factors
 that contribute to a productive visit. If the focus is leads, you might
 realize that the call-to-action is weak, doesn’t match the query intent
 or competes with other elements on the page. Perhaps the lead form 
itself isn’t very good either.
If
 the goal is page views, you may realize that the design is confusing, 
the text hard to read and the content without a structure that allows 
for easy navigation.
Because productive traffic is the goal an SEO needs to understand design, user experience, information architecture and conversion rate optimization. Otherwise
 it’s like a chef who creates a menu but then has no input on how the 
food is cooked, the quality of ingredients, decor of the establishment 
or the presentation of the meal.
It’s
 okay if you’re in the business of driving any old traffic at a website 
and then shrugging your shoulders when it doesn’t really do anything for
 the business. But that’s not SEO. You’re just a burger flipper at some 
fast food joint.
Technically Sound
As an SEO you need to have very strong
 technical skills. What does this really mean though? At a minimum, it 
means you need to know how the Internet works and how search engines 
crawl and index the web.
You should also be comfortable analyzing HTTP headers and know your status codes cold. Get good using Firebug or Chrome’s Developer Tools. Mine those weblogs, because there’s gold in them there data. (Sorry, I just watched True Grit.) Bonus points if you can code something up yourself to extract it.
Understanding how to diagnose and solve accessibility and crawl efficiency problems is critical.
SEO
 is about knowing enough about … everything. HTML, CSS, JQuery, AJAX, 
Flash, JavaScript, XML, JSON, RSS, PHP, SQL. Experiment with and 
understand these technologies.
But you’re not done yet because you still have
 to understand the technical side of specific search engine directives 
including (but certainly not limited to) noindex, nofollow, 
rel=canonical, rel=author, rel=publisher, rel=standout, hreflang and various competing schemas of microdata.
SEO
 is about knowing all of this to ensure technical issues aren’t 
obstacles and to create positive relationships with engineers. You must 
speak their language. You don’t have to understand everything and you should never bluff, but you damn well better be able to carry on a coherent conversation.
You
 should know the difference between a GET and a POST; between server 
side and client side scripts. An SEO should be able to convey when and 
why to use a cookieless domain. You shouldn’t get a 
deer-in-the-headlights look when engineers talk about CDNs or minifying 
code.
I
 haven’t even touched on diving into the details of information 
retrieval, natural language processing, machine learning and other 
methods that inform modern search engine algorithms.
The more technical you are the more effective you become. And there’s always something more to learn.
Connected

What
 do I mean by connected? Today it means links to and from other sites 
and connecting with and through others on social platforms. In plain 
language it’s about links and social.
I’m not a huge fan of link building and prefer a link gardening approach.
 Mind you, I understand the value of links but too often link building 
is done for the wrong reasons and weighted far to0 heavily in the scheme
 of things.
It
 works a fair amount of the time. I can’t deny that. But I’m never sure 
at what expense. Too often I see those companies on a treadmill of link 
building efforts. Frankly, you should reach a point where link building 
isn’t something you’re workingat.
Oddly, linking out is an overlooked and underrated tactic. Tadeusz Szewczyk was
 an early and strong proponent of this practice. Linking out is a form 
of built-in reciprocity. You wind up getting back links from those to 
whom you link out. It’s a way of connecting to and engaging with people 
in your niche.
That
 sounds a lot like social doesn’t it? Social takes on a number of 
dimensions. First is producing content that is worthy of sharing and 
then doing everything you can to make it portable. That includes an 
interaction design that promotes sharing andensuring that the shared content is optimized.
Of course there’s also really being
 social and getting out on these platforms and connecting with your 
users and customers. I don’t mean public, glorified customer service but
 actually socializing with some of your users and customers. This is 
both extremely tough to do at scale but also valuable for a variety of 
reasons.
Today it also means understanding how social is being integrated into search (it’s not the other way around) and learning Facebook SEO and Google+ SEO.
Intent
Now we finally get to the real heart of SEO and the initial reason I started this blog post. Query intent is perhaps the most critical part of SEO.
You
 should understand the syntax of your user and the motivations behind 
their search and queries. At the bare minimum you should understand 
differences between navigational, informational and transactional 
queries.
No, this is not about
 personas. All too often time and money are spent creating personas that
 create artificial divisions in the long-term, a type of stereotype that
 others glom onto to as a way to promote their own views. “Remember, that’s not what Sally Searcher is about.” (Ugh, kill me now.)
Instead
 this is about doing the hard work of understanding how and why people 
are searching for your content and products. It’s about syntax, 
psychology and consumer behavior among other things.
Intent
 is also informed by context. Geography, time of year and platform (i.e.
 – mobile) can all play an important part of understanding intent. It’s 
never something you can just copy and paste from one site to another.
For instance, here’s a real search that wound up coming to this blog.
how to change the blue link title of your website
I
 find these types of queries fascinating. It forces me to think 
different. SEO is about knowing how people are thinking and searching, 
not how that business thinks their users should be searching. SEO is an advocate for the user.
Relevance

Not
 too long ago SEO was about matching keywords with relevant content. 
This is why content farms became so popular and profitable. All you 
needed to do was take a long-tail keyword and match it with relevant 
content. It also meant you could shard a keyword concept into a large 
number of pages.
So you might find a different page for ‘how to squeeze orange juice’ and ‘how to squeeze fresh orange juice’.
Was the content relevant on these pages? For the most part, yes. But it was the content equivalent to empty calories.
That doesn’t mean that relevance isn’t important. Nothing could be farther from the truth. It’s still incredibly important. A fair amount of on-page SEO is about making relevance obvious. Because it doesn’t just need to be relevant, it has to be perceivedas relevant at a glance.
Relevance must be seen through the lens of intent instead of a simple keyword match. Relevance is the beginning, not the end of SEO.
Value
Relevance
 is always coupled with value. Is value subjective? Sure. But it gets 
easier when you trace it back to intent. Does that page truly satisfy 
the query intent? Notthat it’s relevant. Not that it matches the keyword. Did the page provide enoughvalue to satisfy intent.
You’ll notice that I’ve used satisfy twice and that’s not by accident. Search engines (and SEOs) are increasingly concerned with user satisfaction. An
 SEO might not talk about ‘delighting the user’ (eye roll) but we’re 
measuring satisfaction through both qualitative and quantitative 
measures.
Is
 it readable? Was the user experience positive? Were they able to find 
the information? Did it lead them to other related content? Was it easy 
for them to subscribe or buy? Were they able to print or share the page?
 How many pages did they view? Did they convert? What is the bounce 
rate?
We’re
 also there to call your baby ugly and identify gaps in a site’s 
content. That might mean the content produced isn’t valuable enough or 
that there is unsatisfied query intent (i.e – you don’t have the right 
content).
SEO is about producing positive and satisfying interactions that support the brand and flow into other marketing channels.
What About Rank?

You’ll
 note that I didn’t talk at all about rank. Rank can be important but 
only in the context of driving productive traffic. In many ways rank 
should take care of itself if you’re doing everything else right.
In
 addition, rank becomes less important when you’re working on large 
sites with more than, say, 100,000 pages. There are ways to measure rank
 in these situations but I don’t often find that of great value except 
in communicating with clients obsessed with rank.
Rank
 is also losing it’s fidelity with the continuing personalization of 
search results. If Search+ is here to stay then rank will become 
increasingly fractured.
SEO vs Inbound Marketing
There
 are many who probably look at my definition and explanation and believe
 it better matches ‘inbound marketing’. This new umbrella term created 
by Hubspot works for a lot of people. They find it easier to describe 
and convey to clients. It’s more palatable and allows them to distance 
themselves from the poor reputation SEO has acquired. I get it. But I 
don’t like it.
I’m an SEO and I’m proud of it.
I
 use SEO as a client filter. I can skip those who think it’s snake oil, 
find the ones who ‘get it’ and help educate those who might be on the 
fence. In many ways these are the clients who are most thoughtful and can contribute and collaborate on SEO efforts. Those are my kind of clients.
If
 I were trying to sell into the Fortune 100 or have thousands of clients
 under contract at a time I might decide inbound marketing was a better 
term. I wouldn’t have the time to explain and educate.
That’s not Blind Five Year Old. While the company is expanding, I still have the ability to create personal relationships with clients.
In
 the end, I’m not sure I want to work with a client who would accept my 
help under the guise of inbound marketing but not as an SEO. Perhaps 
that’s my own type of elitism.
SEO 2012 Example
So
 lets take my SEO definition and apply it to an example. Suppose you 
have the query ‘eureka lightforce 300 manual’. What do you suppose the 
intent is behind that query?

Are
 they really looking for that vacuum’s manual? Or are they instead 
having a problem with their vacuum? If you were able to look at query 
reformulations you’d see users cycle through modifiers like 
troubleshooting, repair, problems, information, solutions, manual and 
parts. In fact, you can use Google’s related queries to see how these are linked.
Two
 years ago you might have been able to get away with creating a page 
with a highly optimized Title, dynamic boilerplate text, a generic 
product description and a link to a PDF download of that manual. It 
would have been relevant but you wouldn’t have truly satisfied intent or
 delivered real value. More to the point, the value that you delivered 
was a commodity.
What would a SEO page for this term look like?
You’d
 still have a solid Title, product description (and specs), and a link 
to the manual. But you’d add a list of common problems with that vacuum 
along with potential solutions. These might include step-by-step DIY 
repair guides.
You’d
 provide links for replacement parts. You might dynamically serve them 
local vacuum repair shops. You may even have a section dedicated to 
buying a new vacuum. Maybe you even have a calculator that tells you 
whether it’s worth fixing the old vacuum or buying a new one. Heck you 
could even provide links to house cleaning services.
A well designed page with these elements would provide relevance and value, thereby satisfying query intent.
TL;DR
SEO is about generating productive organic
 search traffic by matching query intent with relevance and value. The 
implication of this definition is that SEO must draw upon an increasing 
number of disciplines including design, user experience, information 
architecture and conversation rate optimization.
Source : http://www.blindfiveyearold.com/what-is-seo
Source : http://www.blindfiveyearold.com/what-is-seo


1 | SEOBook
2 | SEOMoz
3 | searchengineland
4 | SearchEngineWatch
5 | SearchEngineJournal
6 | SEOChat
7 | MattCutts
8 | SERoundTable
9 | SubmitExpress
10 | SelfSEO
11 | WickedFire
12 | HighRankings
13 | SEO
14 | SeoByTheSea
15 | SearchEngineGuide